Before PRP in some cases FFA(fundus fluorescein angiography) is done.This is a simple test in which a dye is injected in vein which passes through eye circulation & serial retinal photographs are taken.PRP is done in 2-3 sittings.Its a OPD procedure which is done under topical anaesthesia-anaesthetic eye drops.Its not much painful.Patient can immediately go home & start his routine work.A gap of 5 - 7 days will be there between 2 sittings.Multiple burns stop vessels from growing and leaking. Hundreds of tiny spots of laser are placed in the retina to reduce the risk of vitreous hemorrhage and retinal detachment.During followup we have to look for regression of new vessels.During the subsequent visits, repeat photo-coagulation may be applied to cover up the ara left in earlier sittings.
Presence of Clinically Significant Macular Oedema (CSME) is defined in the ETDRS .This is the most important cause of vision loss.
Diabetics have to control body mass index, systolic and diastolic BP, fasting blood glucose, post-prandial blood glucose, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), total cholesterol, serum triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, serum creatinine, microproteinuria and macroproteinuria .Hypertension & nephropathy have been shown as a risk factors in the development & progression of retinopathy
Nephropathy has to be controlled after consulting a nephrologist.Control blood urea & serum creatinine.Dialysis may be needed in very severe cases
With recent improvements in vitrectomy techniques,surgical prognosis has improved if done at early stage
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